Hubungan Asupan Energi dan Aktifitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Pada Remaja

Abstract

Asupan energi dan aktivitas fisik erat kaitannya dengan status gizi. Apabila asupan energi dikonsumsi tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan dalam jangka waktu lama akan menimbulkan masalah gizi. Selain itu, kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat menimbulkan permasalahan gizi yang berdampak pada status gizi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan energi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proposional random sampling dengan total sampel 54 siswa. Pengumpulan data asupan energi dengan wawancara menggunakan food recall 4×24 jam, aktivitas fisik dengan form recall aktivitas fisik 7×24jam, sedangkan data status gizi dari hasil pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan secara langsung. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji rank spearman. Hasil: 26% siswa memiliki asupan energi lebih, 50% siswa memiliki aktivitas fisik ringan, dan 27,8% siswa memiliki status gizi lebih. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan energi dengan status gizi (p=0,000), aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi (p=0,000).

Energy intake and physical activity are closely related to nutritional status. If energy intake is consumed not according to needs for a long period of time, it will cause nutritional problems. In addition, lack of physical activity can cause nutritional problems that have an impact on nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between energy intake and physical activity with the nutritional status of adolescents at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. This study design used observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used proportional random sampling with a sample size of 54 students. Data collection of energy intake by interview using a 4x24-hour food recall, physical activity with a 7x24-hour physical activity recall form, while nutritional status data from direct measurements of weight and height. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Spearman rank test. The results showed that 26% of students had excess energy intake, 50% of students had light physical activity, and 27.8% of students had excess nutritional status. There was a significant relationship between energy intake and nutritional status (p = 0.000), physical activity with nutritional status (p = 0.000). It is recommended that schools cooperate with the local Health Center or Health Service to provide counseling or outreach on the importance of meeting daily energy intake and the importance of doing physical activity to avoid the impact of nutritional problems.