Tingkat Kecemasan Pasca Gempa Bumi Pada Anak di Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Earthquake disasters have the potential to have a psychological impact on all ages, including children. Child earthquake victims accounted for around 37% of the 271 casualties recorded in the Cianjur earthquake. Children are a vulnerable age group to face disaster situations, this is due to children's limited abilities and resources and immature psychological adaptations to prepare themselves to face fear of these conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of anxiety of children in Suka Asih Elementary School, Sukamanah Village, Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency after the earthquake. The research method used was descriptive quantitative with accidental sampling technique. There were 269 research subjects who were victims of the earthquake disaster in Cianjur Regency. The instrument used was the Hamilton Anxiety Rating (HARS) questionnaire. The results of this study indicate the level of anxiety of children in Suka Asih elementary school, Sukamanah Village, Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency after the earthquake the majority experienced mild anxiety (Score 14 - 20) as many as 135 children (50.19%) and as many as 56 children (20.82%) experienced moderate anxiety (Score 21 - 27). It is recommended that post-disaster child victims be given play therapy, art therapy, storytelling, traditional games, traumatic counseling, instructional games, block and group games, and trauma healing.

Bencana gempa bumi memiliki potensi berdampak psikologis bagi semua kalangan usia termasuk pada usia anak-anak. Korban gempa usia anak-anak mencapai sekitar 37% dari yang tercatat 271 korban jiwa gempa Cianjur. Anak-anak merupakan kelompok usia yang rentan menghadapi situasi bencana, hal ini disebabkan karena kemampuan dan sumber daya anak yang terbatas dan adaptasi psikologi yang belum matang untuk mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi rasa takut terhadap kondisi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan pasca gempa bumi pada anak di sekolah dasar Suka Asih, Desa Sukamanah, Kecamatan Cugenang, Kabupaten Cianjur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling. Terdapat 269 subjek penelitian yang menjadi korban bencana gempa bumi di Kabupaten Cianjur. Instrument yang digunakan ialah kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating (HARS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat kecemasan pasca gempa bumi pada anak di sekolah dasar Suka Asih, Desa Sukamanah, Kecamatan Cugenang, Kabupaten Cianjur mayoritas mengalami kecemasan ringan (Skor 14 – 20) sebanyak 135 anak (50.19%) dan sebanyak 56 anak (20.82%) mengalami kecemasan sedang (Skor 21 – 27). Disarakan untuk anak korban pasca bencana diberikan terapi bermain, art therapy, bercerita, melakukan permainan tradisional, melakukan konseling traumatic, permainan instruksional, permainan blok maupun kelompok,dan trauma healing.