PENINGKATAN NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX (ABI) DENGAN INTERVENSI AKUPRESUR DAN SENAM KAKI PADA PASIEN  DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Jumari Jumari; Herman Priyono Luawo; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Eka Firmansyah Pratama

doi:10.37771/kjn.v6i2.1161

Jumari Jumari Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6069-031X
Herman Priyono Luawo Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo
Ratnawati Ratnawati Departemen Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo
Eka Firmansyah Pratama Departemen Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37771/kjn.v6i2.1161

Abstract

Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu penyakit kronis yang disebabkan oleh defisiensi insulin, jika tidak terkontrol dengan baik dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi salah satunya adalah penyakit arteri perifer (PAP). Kondisi ini dapat memburuk dan menyebabkan luka yang sulit sembuh, gangrene bahkan amputasi. Akupresur bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan nilai ankle brachial index (ABI) dengan melancarkan peredaran aliran qi (energi vital) di dalam tubuh sementara senam DM Senam kaki dapat membantu memperkuat otot-otot di kaki, yang dapat meningkatkan fungsi arteri dan mengurangi risiko penyakit arteri perifer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peningkatan nilai ankle brachial index (abi) dengan pemberian intervensi akupresur dan senam kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi-experimental design dengan pendekatan pre-post test design pada 60 responden, pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Responden dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok intervensi yaitu kelompok Akupresur (n = 20), kelompok Senam DM (n = 20) dan kelompok Akupresur dan senam DM (n = 20). Pengujian perbedaan rata-rata nilai ABI pada tiap kelompok menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan nilai ABI antara kelompok akupresur (p = 0,000), senam DM (p = 0,001) dan kombinasi akupresur dan senam DM (p = 0,000). Akupresur dan senam DM merupakan intervensi yang efektif untuk peningkatan nilai ABI pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Akupresur dan Senam DM dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu terapi komplementer mandiri dalam pelayanan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency, if not controlled properly can cause various complications one of which is peripheral artery disease (PAD). This condition can worsen and cause wounds that are difficult to heal, gangrene and even amputation. Acupressure is useful in increasing the ankle-brachial index (ABI) value by improving the circulation of qi (vital energy) in the body. At the same time, DM gymnastics foot exercises can help strengthen the legs' muscles, improve artery function, and reduce the risk of peripheral artery disease. This study aims to identify the increase in the ankle-brachial index (abi) value by providing acupressure and foot exercise interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test design approach on 60 respondents, and sample selection using purposive sampling. They were divided into 3 intervention groups, namely the Acupressure group (n = 20), the DM Exercise group (n = 20) and the Acupressure and DM gymnastics group (n = 20). They test each group's average ABI value difference using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results showed a significant difference in ABI values between the acupressure group (p = 0.000), DM exercise (p = 0.001) and the combination of acupressure and DM gymnastics (p = 0.000). Acupressure and DM gymnastics are effective interventions for increasing ABI values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Acupressure and DM gymnastics can be recommended as one of independent complementary therapies in nursing care services for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Author Biographies

Jumari Jumari, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

Departemen Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo, Indonesia

Herman Priyono Luawo, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

Departemen Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo, Indonesia

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