PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DI RESTORAN PIZZA E-BIRRA

  • Cynthia Anna Wijayanti Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Pelita Harapan

Abstract


The purpose of this research is to examine the influence and relationship of Service Quality, Brand Loyalty and Customer’s Satisfaction as an intervening variable. The subject of the research is Indonesian-based local restaurant Pizza E-Birra under the management of Ismaya Group. The research is based on quantitative research with non-probability purposive sampling as the sampling technique and the data will be analysed using SEM Structural Equation Model with Smart PLS 3.0 as analysis tool.The research is using 5 dimensions of Service Quality, which are Physical Evidence (Tangible), Empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness and Assurance as the independent variable and its impact toward Brand Loyalty as dependent variable and also measuring the Customer Satisfaction as an intervening variable. The result show that all the hypotheses are accepted and some managerial implications needs to be done for management of Pizza E-Birra to improve their Service Quality which leads to their customer satisfaction overall for the dining experience hence will increase the level of brand loyalty among its patronage in the future ultimately.


Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kualitas Layanan (Service Quality) yang mempengaruhi Loyalitas Merek (Brand Loyalty) secara langsung dan pengaruhnya jika dimediasi oleh Kepuasan Pelanggan (Customer’s Satisfaction). Subyek penelitian ini adalah restoran lokal Indonesia Pizza E-Birra dibawah kepemilikan manajemen grup Ismaya. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel Non-Probability Purposive Sampling dan data kuesioner akan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan program SmartPls.. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 dimensi dari Kualitas Layanan (Service Quality) yaitu : Physical Evidence (Tangible), Empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness dan Assurance, serta faktor Kepuasan Pelanggan (Customer’s Satisfaction) sebagai variabel mediasi, semuanya akan diteliti secara simultan untuk membuktikan ada atau tidaknya pengaruh variabel bebas dan mediasi tersebut  dalam mempengaruhi Loyalitas Merek (Brand Loyalty) pada restoran Pizza E Birra. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketiga hipotesa yang diajukan didukung, artinya Kualitas Layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap Loyalitas Merek, Kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan dan yang terakhir Kualitas layanan berpengaruh pada loyalitas merek dengan mediasi kepuasan, dengan beberapa masukan kepada management Pizza E-Birra , untuk lebih memperbaiki tingkat kualitas layanan, yang berdampak pada kepuasan pelanggan yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi tingkat loyalitas merek atas restoran Pizza E-Birra.

References

Arief Budiman, H. C. (2013). McKinsey. Retrieved from Understanding the diversity of
Indonesia’s consumers: http://www.mckinsey.com/global themes/asiapacific/understanding-
the-diversity-of-indonesias-consumers

Aaker, D. A. (1991). What Is Brand Equity? In Managing Brand Equity. Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name.

Aaker, D. A. (1996). Measuring Brand Equity Across Products and Markets. California Management Review. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165845

Algesheimer, R., Dholakia, U. M., & Herrmann, A. (2005). The social influence of brand community: Evidence from European car clubs. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.3.19.66363

Alvi, M. (2016). A Manual for Selecting Sampling Techniques in Research. University of Karachi, Iqra. University. Munich Personal RePEC Archive.

Andri, Y. (2019) "Kumpul Tak Kumpul Asal Makan : Pertumbuhan Pesat Ritel F&B
https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20190319/12/901464/kumpul-tak-kumpul-asal-makan-
pertumbuhan-pesat-ritel-fb Retrieved 19 May 2020

Aryani, D., & Rosinta, F. (2010). Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan dalam Membentuk Loyalitas Pelanggan. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Dan Organisasi, 17(2), 114–126.

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1991). Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices in Consumer Research. Journal of Consumer Research. https://doi.org/10.1086/208568

Bearden, W. O., & Teel, J. E. (1983). Selected Determinants of Consumer Satisfaction and Complaint Reports. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151408

Becker, B. W., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1992). Marketing Services: Competing Through Quality. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252050

Beerli, A., Martín, J. D., & Quintana, A. (2004). A model of customer loyalty in the retail banking market. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560410511221

Berry, L. L., Parasuraman, A., & Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(99)00084-3

Bloemer, J. M. M., & Kasper, H. D. P. (1995). The complex relationship between consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Journal of Economic Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(95)00007-B

Brady, M. K., & Cronin, J. J. (2001). Some new thoughts on conceptualizing perceived service quality: A hierarchical approach. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.65.3.34.18334

Brady, M. K., & Robertson, C. J. (2001). Searching for a consensus on the antecedent role of service quality and satisfaction: An exploratory cross-national study. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(99)00041-7

Canny, I. (2014). Measuring the Mediating Role of Dining Experience Attributes on Customer Satisfaction and Its Impact on Behavioral Intentions of Casual Dining Restaurant in Jakarta. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. https://doi.org/10.7763/ijimt.2014.v5.480

Caruana, A. (2002). Service loyalty: The effects of service quality and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560210430818

Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. B. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.65.2.81.18255

Cooper, D., & Schindler. (2006). Business research methods (11th ed.). In New York, McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Copacino, W. C. (1997). Supply chain management : the basics and beyond. In The St. Lucie Press/APICS series on resource management.

Copeland, M. T. (1923). Relation of consumers’ buying habits to marketing methods. Harvard Business Review.

Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252296

Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1994). SERVPERF versus SERVQUAL: Reconciling Performance-Based and Perceptions-Minus-Expectations Measurement of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252256

Daniel, M. (2010). Introduction to quantitative research 1.1. Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS.

Delgado‐Ballester, E., & Luis Munuera‐Alemán, J. (2001). Brand trust in the context of consumer loyalty. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006475

Dick, A. S., & Basu, K. (1994). Customer loyalty: Toward an integrated conceptual framework. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070394222001

Eakuru, N., & Mat, N. (2008). The application of structural equation modeling (SEM) in determining the antecedents of customer loyalty in banks in South Thailand. The Business Review, Cambridge.

Fornell, C. (1992). A National Customer Satisfaction Barometer: The Swedish Experience. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252129

Frazer Winsted, K. (2000). Service behaviors that lead to satisfied customers. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560010311920

Fullerton, G. (2003). When Does Commitment Lead to Loyalty? Journal of Service Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670503005004005

Fullerton, G. (2009). The Impact of Brand Commitment on Loyalty to Retail Service Brands. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences de l’Administration. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1936-4490.2005.tb00712.x

Garson, G., & Garson, G. D. (2014). Fundamentals of Hierarchical Linear and Multilevel Modeling. In Hierarchical Linear Modeling: Guide and Applications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384450.n1

Ghozali, I. & L. H. (2015). Konsep, Teknik Dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program Smart PLS 3.0. In Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002812

Giese, J., & Cote, J. (2000). Defining consumer satisfaction. Academy of Marketing Science Review.

Gilbert, G. R., Veloutsou, C., Moutinho, L., & Goode, M. M. H. (2004). Measuring customer satisfaction in the fast food industry: A cross-national approach. Journal of Services Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040410548294

Gremler, D. D., & Brown, S. W. (1996). Service loyalty: Its Nature, Importance, and Implications. Advancing Service Quality: A Global Perspective. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Gronroos, C. (1984). A Service Quality Model and its Marketing Implications. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004784

Hair, J. F., Black, B., Babin, B., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective, New Jersey, USA: Pearson Education Inc. New Jersey, USA.

Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. In Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective.

Hair, J.F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. and, & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (7th Edition). In Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey.

Hair, Joseph F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. In European Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hansory, M. F., & Dharmayanti, D. (2014). Pengaruh Experience Quality Terhadap Customer Loyalty Dengan Perceived Value Dan Brand Image Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di De Soematra 1910 Surabaya. Jurnal Manajemen Pemasaran. https://doi.org/10.9744/pemasaran.8.2.70-8

Heitmann, M., Lehmann, D. R., & Herrmann, A. (2007). Choice goal attainment and decision and consumption satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.44.2.234

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. Advances in International Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014

Heskett, J. L., Jones, T. O., Loveman, G. W., Sasser, W. E., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2008). Putting the service-profit chain to work. Harvard Business Review.

Hess, J., & Story, J. (2005). Trust-based commitment: Multidimensional consumer-brand relationships. Journal of Consumer Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760510623902

Hox, J. J., & Bechger, T. M. (1998). Introduction Structural Equation Modeling An Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling. Family Science Review.

Iglesias, O., Singh, J. J., & Batista-Foguet, J. M. (2011). The role of brand experience and affective commitment in determining brand loyalty. Journal of Brand Management. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2010.58

Jacoby, J., Chestnut, R. W., & Fisher, W. A. (1978). A Behavioral Process Approach to Information Acquisition in Nondurable Purchasing. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150623

Jacoby, J., & Kyner, D. B. (1973). Brand Loyalty vs. Repeat Purchasing Behavior. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3149402

Johnson, M. D., Herrmann, A., & Huber, F. (2006). The evolution of loyalty intentions. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.2.122

Kabiraj, S., & Shanmugan, J. (2011). Development of a conceptual framework for brand loyalty: A Euro-Mediterranean perspective. Journal of Brand Management. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2010.42

Kaur S.P. (2013). Variables in research. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciencs.

Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2009). Marketing management (13th ed.). In Prentice Hall.

Kumar, M., Kee, F. T., & Manshor, A. T. (2009). Determining the relative importance of critical factors in delivering service quality of banks: An application of dominance analysis in SERVQUAL model. Managing Service Quality. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520910943198

Kumar, R. (2014). A step-by-step guide for beginners. In Research Methodology. https://doi.org/http://196.29.172.66:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2574/1/Research%20Methodology.pdf

LaBarbera, P. A., & Mazursky, D. (1983). A Longitudinal Assessment of Consumer Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction: The Dynamic Aspect of the Cognitive Process. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378302000406

Maheshwari, V., Lodorfos, G., & Jacobsen, S. (2014). Determinants of Brand Loyalty: A Study of the Experience-Commitment-Loyalty Constructs. International Journal of Business Administration. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v5n6p13

Malhotra, N. (2014). Fundamentals of Marketing Research. In Fundamentals of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446261767

Martin, W. E., & Bridgmon, K. D. (2012). Quantitative and statistical research methods From hypothesis to results. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Mittal, V., & Kamakura, W. A. (2001). Satisfaction, repurchase intent, and repurchase behavior: Investigating the moderating effect of customer characteristics. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.38.1.131.18832

Mosahab, R., Mahamad, O., & Ramayah, T. (2010). SERVICE QUALITY, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY: A TEST OF MEDIATION. International Business Research. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v3n4p72

Naeem, H., Akram, A., & Saif, M. I. (2011). Service Quality And Its Impact On Customer Satisfaction: An Empirical Evidence From The Pakistani Banking Sector. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER). https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v8i12.3201

Namazi, M., & Namazi, N.-R. (2016). Conceptual Analysis of Moderator and Mediator Variables in Business Research. Procedia Economics and Finance. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)30064-8

Oliver, R. L. (1980). A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150499

Oliver, R. L. (1997). Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer. In McGraw-Hill series. https://doi.org/10.1139/h11-134

Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty? Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252099

Panjaitan, J. E., & Yuliati, A. L. (2016). Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Pada JNE Cabang Bandung [The Influence of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at JNE Branch in Bandung]. DeReMa (Development Research of Management): Jurnal Manajemen. https://doi.org/10.19166/derema.v11i2.197

Parasuraman, A. ;, Zeithaml, V. A. ;, & Berry, L. L. (1988). Servqual: A Multiple-Item Scale For Measuring Consumer Perc. In Journal of Retailing; Spring.

Parasuraman, A., V, Z., & Berry, L. (1998). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of Service Quality. J Retailing.

Pasharibu, Y., Paramita, E. L., & Febrianto, S. (2018). Price, service quality and trust on online transportation towards customer satisfaction. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis. https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v21i2.1965

Poiesz, T. B. C., & Bloemer, J. M. M. (1991). Customer (Dis)Satisfaction with the Performance of Complex Products and Services - The Applicability of the (Dis)Confirmation Paradigm. Marketing Thought around the World, Vol. 2, Proceedings from European Marketing Academy Conference.

Pollack, B. L. (2009). Linking the hierarchical service quality model to customer satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Services Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040910933084

Qin, H., & Prybutok, V. R. (2009). Service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions in fast-food restaurants. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566690910945886

Ramesh Kumar, S., & Advani, J. Y. (2005). Factors Affecting Brand Loyalty: A study in an emerging market on fast moving consumer goods. Journal of Customer Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1362/1475392054797223

Rasheed, F. A., & Abadi, M. F. (2014). Impact of Service Quality, Trust and Perceived Value on Customer Loyalty in Malaysia Services Industries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.080

Reichheld, F. F., & Sasser, W. E. (1990). Zero defections: quality comes to services. Harvard Business Review.

Rust, R. T., Lemon, K. N., & Zeithaml, V. A. (2004). Return on Marketing: Using Customer Equity to Focus Marketing Strategy. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.68.1.109.24030

Scherbaum, C. A., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). Analysing Quantitative Data for Business and Management Students. In Analysing Quantitative Data for Business and Management Students. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529716719

Sekaran, & Bougie. (2016). Research Method for Business Textbook (A Skill Building Approa). United States: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Selnes, F. (1993). An Examination of the Effect of Product Performance on Brand Reputation, Satisfaction and Loyalty. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569310043179

Shmueli, G. (2010). To explain or to predict? Statistical Science. https://doi.org/10.1214/10-STS330

Siddiqi, K. O. (2011). Interrelations between Service Quality Attributes, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Retail Banking Sector in Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Management. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v6n3p12

Sierra, J. J., & McQuitty, S. (2005). Service providers and customers: Social exchange theory and service loyalty. In Journal of Services Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040510620166

Spreng, R. A., & Mackoy, R. D. (1996). An empirical examination of a model of perceived service quality and satisfaction. Journal of Retailing. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(96)90014-7

Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Bisnis. Pendekatan Kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Susilo, Heri; Haryono, Andi Tri; W, M. M. (2018). Analisis Pengaruh Harga, Kualitas Pelayanan, Promosi, Dan Kepercayaan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Dengan Keputusan Berkunjung Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di Hotel Amanda Hills Bandungan. Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management and Technology Journal of IT & Management.

Taylor, S. A., & Baker, T. L. (1994). An assessment of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the formation of consumers’ purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4359(94)90013-2

Terblanche, N. S., & Boshoff, C. (2001). Measuring customer satisfaction with the controllable elements of the in-store shopping experience. South African Journal of Business Management. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v32i4.726

Tjiptono. (2007). Strategi Pemasaran, edisi kedua. Edisi Kedua. Yogyakarta: Andi.

Ullman, J. B., & Bentler, P. M. (2013). Structural Equation Modeling A FOUR-STAGE GENERAL PROCESS OF MODELING 663 MODEL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES AND TEST STATISTICS 667 MODEL EVALUATION 671. In Handbook of Psychology.

Vroman, H. W. (1996). The Loyalty Effect: The Hidden Force Behind Growth, Profits, and Lasting Value. Academy of Management Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1996.9603293227

Willits, F., Theodori, G., & Luloff, A. (2016). Another Look at Likert Scales. Journal of Rural Social Sciences.

Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1996). The behavioral consequences of service quality. Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251929

Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., & Gremler, D. D. (2010). Services Marketing Strategy. In Wiley International Encyclopedia of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444316568.wiem01055
Published
2020-02-28
How to Cite
WIJAYANTI, Cynthia Anna. PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DI RESTORAN PIZZA E-BIRRA. Klabat Journal of Management, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 1, p. 11-42, feb. 2020. ISSN 2722-726X. Available at: <https://ejournal.unklab.ac.id/index.php/kjm/article/view/447>. Date accessed: 25 june 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.60090/kjm.v1i1.447.11-42.