Aplikasi dan Praktik Konstruksi Skala Psikologi sebagai Instrumen Pengukuran dalam Penelitian Pendidikan
Abstract
Abstrak
Latar belakang diadakannya penelitian ini ialah adanya miskonsepsi definisi dan fungsi dari angket dan kuesioner yang biasa digunakan untuk mengukur atribut psikologi dalam penelitian pendidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi literatur yang mereview dan mensinstesiskan berbagai tulisan atau teori-teori pengembangan skala psikologi dalam praktik konstruksi instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pengembangan skala psikologi, peneliti perlu memastikan bahwa skala yang dikembangkan dapat dibuktikan validitas dan diestimasi reliabilitasnya. Secara spesifik, peneliti wajib menyusun kisi-kisi (blueprint) skala, merumuskan komponen, indikator, dan subindikator skala tersebut. Selain itu, kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa pembuktian validitas skala psikologi dapat dilakukan dengan analisis Aiken’s V dan estimasi reliabilitas yang sesuai ialah analisis coefficient alpha.
Kata kunci—pengukuran atribut psikologi, penelitian pendidikan, skala psikologi, instrumen pengukuran
Abstract
The background of this study is the misconception of the definition and function of psychology scales and questionnaires that are commonly used to measure psychological attributes in educational research. This study is a literature study that reviews and synthesizes various writings or theories of psychological scale development in the practice of constructing instruments used in educational research. The results of the study show that in the development of psychological scales, researchers need to ensure that the scale developed can be proven valid and estimated to be reliable. Specifically, researchers are required to prepare a scale grid (blueprint), formulate components, indicators, and subindicators of the scale. In addition, literature review shows that proving the validity of the psychological scale can be done by Aiken's V analysis and the appropriate reliability estimation is coefficient alpha analysis.
Keywords—measurement of psychological attributes, educational research, psychological scale, measurement instruments
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